Otto Ludwig Preminger (Wiznitz, Ukraine, 1906 - New York, 1986) was an American film director of Jewish-Austrian origin. From the age of 17, he combined studies with theater. He worked with Max Reinhardt, one of the great theatrical directors of the time. The first film he considered truly his own was Laura, 1944. Other works include: the musical Carmen Jones (1954); The Man with the Golden Arm (1955); Good Morning Sadness (Bonjour Tristesse, 1958); Anatomy of a Murder (1959); Advise & Consent (1962); and his final film The Human Factor (1979).